Adrenal Glands

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Adrenal Glands

The adrenaline rush is famous. Stress or danger sends signals to the adrenal glands, adrenaline pours out and we spring into the fight or suddenly take flight.

Churning out adrenaline isn''''t the only job your adrenal glands do, though. These two small glands located at the top of each kidney also churn out hormones that regulate your blood sugar level, keep your blood volume where it should be and contribute to normal sexual development.

When these glands malfunction, several health problems can arise. If the glands are overactive and you produce too much of the steroid hormone cortisol, you may have Cushing''''s syndrome, according to Kay McFarland, M.D., professor of medicine at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine in Charleston.

Cushing''''s usually causes unexplained weight gain--particularly behind the neck or around the collarbone and at the abdomen. Also, the syndrome may cause a ruddy complexion, facial hair and dark purplish stripes on the abdomen, buttocks and armpits. The disease can be treated with surgery or medication, says Dr. McFarland.

Another problem, Addison''''s disease, develops when the adrenals stop producing steroid-based hormones, particularly cortisol. Low blood pressure, darkening of the skin, weakness, lethargy and abdominal pain can all signal Addison''''s disease. The disease can be treated by taking replacement hormones two times a day, says Dr. McFarland.

See also Endocrine System

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